Need for Energy Conservation in Wireless Technology

Since 2006, data traffic on wireless networks has grown by approximately 400% and is expected to continue to increase rapidly in the coming years. The widespread use of complex, spectrum efficient techniques to support such high data volumes, the demand for higher data rates and the ever-increasing number of wireless users translate to rapidly rising power consumption. Currently consuming 3% of the energy and causing 2% of the CO2 emissions globally, the Information & Communication Technology (ICT) industries are facing an increase in associated energy consumption of 16-20% per year. Furthermore, the energy costs for mobile operators can be as high as half of their annual operating budgets. The foregoing considerations highlight the urgent need for focusing on energy efficiency.  The recent phenomenal growth of data services in cellular mobile networks has exacerbated the energy consumption issue and is forcing researchers to address how to design future wireless networks that take into account energy consumption constraints.

Due to the anticipated tenfold increase of traffic requirements in the next generation mobile networks and the costs associated with those, as well as the requirement for a significant reduction of the carbon footprint of such systems. Energy-efficient scheduling is a topic that has been discussed widely within wireless sensor networks.

In developing countries direct electricity connections are not readily available, so Vodafone, for example, use in excess of 1 million gallons of diesel per day to power their network. Mobile communications thus contributes a significant proportion of the total energy consumed by the information technology industry. Recent analysis by manufacturers and network operators has shown that current wireless networks are not very energy efficient, particularly the base stations by which terminals access services from the network.

The energy consumed by a Wireless Network is mainly in the following criteria:

·         Energy consumed by the network in operation.

·         Embedded  emissions  of  the  network  equipment,  for  example,  emissions  associated with  the manufacturing and deployment of network equipment.

·         Energy  consumed  by  mobile  handsets  and  other  devices,  when  they  are  manufactured, distributed and used, as well as their embedded emissions.

·         Emissions associated with buildings run by mobile operators, and emissions from transport of mobile industry employees.

                 Figure:1 Direct Emission of Mobile Industry 2009, 245 M tones of CO₂

 

(This is compilation of data acquired on the topic)
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References:

 

   [1]         www.mobilevce.com

   [2]         www.trai.gov.in

[3]         www.greenpeace.org